Evolution of cars
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The document traces the evolution of cars from early steam-powered vehicles in the late 18th century to modern hybrid vehicles. Some key developments discussed include the first patent for a gasoline-powered automobile awarded to Karl Benz in 1886, the introduction of air conditioning in the 1940s, and seat belts and airbags becoming standard safety features in the mid-20th century. The document also examines the changing body styles and improvements in fuel efficiency and engine output that have occurred in the modern era.
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Evolution of cars
- 2. First Self Propelled Car.. • In 1769, a French military engineer named Nicholas Cugnot created a steam powered road vehicle. • Used a steam engine attached to a three- wheeled cart. • According to popular belief it reached walking speed • It was used by the French army to haul cannons.
- 3. In 1886, Carl Benz is awarded German patent number 37435 for a three-wheeled, self-propelled "Motorwagen". With a rear-mounted single- cylinder engine, the first automobile forever changes the way people move, and sparks a legacy of innovation that continues to this day.
- 4. Several Mercedes Benz Cars, Busses, Trucks and Fire Service Vehicles became available with battery-electric propulsion an early ancestor of todays hybrid drive The Mercedes Benz Special Touring Car (1910) was the first car to employ four valves per cylinder to improve both performance and fuel consumption.
- 5. A Compressor(Supercharger) driven by the Engine noticeably increases power of several Mercedes models by pressurizing the fuel air mixture The Mercedes 170 features the first- ever fully independent suspension, which allows each wheel to respond individually. Along with a new hydraulic braking system, the 170 sets new performance and safety benchmarks that remain the gold standard today.
- 6. The First Diesel passenger Car The Mercedes Benz 260D Uses about 30% less fuel than its gasoline counterpart and does so without the maintenance of ignition components. Mercedes Benz Formally begins safety research with a test vehicle featuring highly rigid floor side impact protection and collapsible steering column.
- 7. Car air-conditioning.. • Air-conditioning was introduced to cars in 1940. This invention made cars a lot more comfortable, especially on really hot days. At first, the air-conditioning was a little bit awkward. To turn the air- conditioner off, the driver had to stop the car , get out and disconnect a tube located under the bonnet. PACKARD
- 8. 1956-The seat belt: In 1956, the seat belt was installed into the car. Australia was the first country to make seat belts compulsory in all vehicles. The seat belt did not become compulsory in the United States until 1968.
- 9. For the first time, development of every new Mercedes includes an increasingly rigorous regimen of crash-testing. This vital learning tool was initially performed outdoors. Another important safety inclusion to the car was the airbag. The airbag was first installed in 1971 by the Ford Motor Company. 1971-AIRBAGS
- 10. Debuting On the compact 190- Class the breakthrough 5 arm rear suspension design provides a new level of handling precision, ride comfort and active safety A concept first unveiled in 1970, ABS helps the driver retain steering control under heavy braking by preventing wheel lockup. It remains both a milestone in automotive safety and a cornerstone, with the ability to individually brake wheels serving as a fundamental element of countless future breakthroughs.
- 11. A groundbreaking system that can help prepare the occupants for an accident before it happens, PRE-SAFE can detect that certain types of collision might be imminent. In the precious moments before impact, it can snug the front seat belts and adjust the front head restraints to help optimize the effectiveness of the restraint systems. After measuring over 70 parameters in the first few minutes of a drive, this innovation can help detect signs of drowsiness and audibly alert the driver to take a break.
- 12. VETERAN ERA The Veteran Auto Era is part of the Brass Era, and refers to automobiles manufactured before 1905. Innovation was rapid and rampant, with no clear standards for basic vehicle architectures, body styles, construction materials, or controls. Many veteran cars use a tiller, rather than a wheel for steering.
- 13. A wide variety of vehicles powered by technologies including steam,electricity, and internal combustion engines. • Breakdowns were frequent, fuel was difficult to obtain, roads suitable for travelling were scarce, and rapid innovation meant that a year-old car was nearly worthless.
- 14. FORD MODEL T • The Model T was an automobile built by the Ford Motor Company from 1908 until 1927. • Affordable transportation for the common man, it quickly became prized for its low cost, durability, versatility, and ease of maintenance. • Because of the reverse gear offered more power than the forward gears, the Model T frequently had to be driven up a steep hill backward.
- 15. The Vintage Car Era • Vintage cars are vehicles which were built in the vintage era, which began in 1919. • Closed-bodied cars with heating systems, standardized controls, and front-mounted engines. • The new closed-body style allowed families to travel while comfortably shielded from the elements, and standard controls made driving more convenient and easier.
- 16. PRE WAR ERA • Steam-powered road vehicles, both cars and wagons. • Fast-steaming lightweight boilers and efficient engine designs. • Development of the high- speed diesel engine from 1930.
- 17. POST WAR ERA • THE POST-WAR ERA (1945 – 1970s) • Throughout the 1950s, engine power and vehicle speeds rose, designs became better integrated and more stylized, and cars grew more popular across the world. The auto market slightly shifted in the 1960s, causing Detroit to worry about foreign competition. European makers adopted even greater technology and Japan appeared as a serious car- producing nation.
- 18. MODERN ERA • Body styles have changed as well in the modern era. Three types, the hatchback, sedan, and sport utility vehicles. • The modern era has also seen rapidly improving fuel efficiency and engine output. • the adoption of the diesel engine, and the ubiquity of fuel injection.
- 19. Ambassador – the iconic Indian car Ambassador was the first car to be produced in India. It started production in 1958, and for a long time was the only car to be sold in India. Despite the fact that it had over 70% market share at a time, how did they lose their grip and slip to a mere 0.12%
- 20. The increasing popularity of Maruti 800 hatchback was a warning about the impending future. Soon after, in the 1990s after liberalization took over the country and markets opened up to new players, people started buying different car models. What went wrong? As more cars came to the Indian market, the Ambassador didn't find a category to fit in, it was too big for a Hatchback and too small to be called an SUV.
- 21. Change in design of BMW..
- 23. HYBRID VEHICLES • Hybrids are most often gasoline-burning machines that utilize their electric bits to collect and reuse energy that normally goes to waste in standard cars.
- 24. 1. Much Cleaner Energy 2. Higher Gas Mileage, Lower Gas Costs 3. Regenerative Battery 4. Less noise The Advantages of Hybrid Cars
- 25. Disadvantages of hybrid cars • They have less weight. • Poor handling. • High cost. • High maintenance.
- 26. THANK YOU
Editor's Notes
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